Large Intestine


 
 
Concept Explanation
 

Large Intestine

Intestinal Glands: The complete digestion of the remaining food material takes place in the ‘ileum’ (the last part of the small intestine). There are numerous small glands in the walls of the small intestine. These glands secrete intestinal juices. The digestive enzymes in the intestinal juice break small pepides into amino acids, disaccharides into monosaccharides, lipids into fatty acids and glycerol and nucleic acids into nucleotides.

Large intestine: The ileum passes into the large intestine. It can be divided into two parts: anterior (colon) and posterior (rectum). The colon has an ascending part, a traverse part and a descending part. The last part or the descending part open into the rectum. The terminal part of the rectum is called ‘anal canal’. It opens through the anus, guarded by the ‘sphincter muscles’.

The large intestine allows the passage of residual food mass (faecal matter) which is egested through the anus. As the residue of the food mass passes along the large intestine, a considerable amount of water contained in the residue is absorbed into the blood through the intestinal walls. The specialized longitudinal muscle present in the colon wall regulates the passage of the fecal matter along the colon.

                                                                   

Sample Questions
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Question : 1

Which of the following are correct about large intestines?

(a) The complete digestion of the remaining food material takes place in the ‘ileum’ (the last part of the small intestine).

(b) The ileum passes into the large intestine. It is divided into two parts: anterior (colon) and posterior (rectum).

(c) The large intestine allows the passage of residual food mass (faecal matter) which is egested through the anus.

Right Option : D
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Explanation
Question : 2

Which of the following are correct ?

(a) The large intestine allows the passage of residual food mass (faecal matter) which is egested through the anus.

(b) The specialized longitudinal muscle present in the colon wall regulates the passage of the fecal matter along the colon.

Right Option : C
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Explanation
Question : 3

Which of the following are correct ?

(a) The large intestine absorbs water and salt from the undigested food.

(b) Large intestine can be divided into two parts :anterior and posterior.

(c) The undigested, semi-solid waste product is eliminated from the body, through an external opening, called the anus.

Right Option : D
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Explanation
 
 
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